Authorities Cited: United States Patent and Trademark Office U.S. Patent No. 5,189,630 United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1295(a)(1) Supreme Court 269 U.S. 459, 468-469 444 U.S. 232 490 U.S. 93, 100 505 U.S. 504, 516 523 U.S. 83, 89 546 U.S. 500 Circuit Courts 14 F. 255 55 F. 982, 986 203 F. 998 216 F. 172 220 F. 672 556 F.2d 406, 430 583 F.2d 1315, 1323 645 F.2d 404, 414 802 F.2d 790, 793 820 F.2d 1209, 1212 859 F.2d 1302, 1310 907 F.2d 1328, 1332 918 F.2d 724, 730 939 F.2d 1574, 1580-1581 47 F.3d 1128, 1133 87 F.3d 762, 766 95 F.3d 1164, 1996 109 F.3d 1567, 1572 135 F.3d 1456, 1468 180 F.3d 574, 581 189 F.3d 196, 198 211 F.3d 1245, 1253 248 F.3d 1333, 1347 282 F.3d 1320, 1324-1326 284 F.3d 1323, 1328 323 F.3d 920, 926 395 F.3d 1315, 1323-1324 397 F.3d 1370, 1373 424 F.3d 944, 956 457 F.3d 1334, 1338 473 F.3d 1152, 1158 475 F.3d 1256 503 F.3d 1324, 1325 504 F.3d 151, 163 505 F.3d 1362, 1370 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 19(a)(2) 465 F. Supp. 2d 657, 669