Authorities Cited: United States Code 18 U.S.C. § 113(a)(1) 18 U.S.C. § 113(a)(3) 18 U.S.C. § 1152 28 U.S.C. § 1291 Supreme Court 425 U.S. 501, 512 443 U.S. 307, 319 495 U.S. 676 507 U.S. 725, 730-736 Circuit Courts 213 F.2d 951, 956 544 F.2d 385, 392 604 F.2d 613, 623 653 F.2d 374, 378 767 F.2d 549, 554 774 F.2d 1491, 1493 834 F.2d 1474, 1483 851 F.2d 1136, 1144 103 F.3d 758, 761 116 F.3d 840, 844-845 147 F.3d 1178, 1180 179 F.3d 793, 807 186 F.3d 1119, 1130-1131 210 F.3d 1017, 1024 231 F.3d 1198, 1202 251 F.3d 852, 861 254 F.3d 872, 875-876 286 F.3d 1104, 1113 289 F.3d 608, 612 299 F.3d 1130, 1135-1136 363 F.3d 962, 967 371 F.3d 1093, 1100 379 F.3d 564, 572-574 394 F.3d 1215, 1218-1224 432 F.3d 1050, 1053 502 F.3d 931, 968 Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure Fed. R. Crim. P. 52(b)