Authorities Cited: United States Code 5 U.S.C. § 551 5 U.S.C. § 551(13) 5 U.S.C. § 702 5 U.S.C. § 706(1) 5 U.S.C. § 706(2)(C) 16 U.S.C. § 1531 16 U.S.C. § 1532(15) 16 U.S.C. § 1532(16) 16 U.S.C. § 1532(20) 16 U.S.C. § 1533 16 U.S.C. § 1533(a)(1)(D) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(a)(3) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(b) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(b)(1)(A) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(b)(3)(B)(ii) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(b)(5)(A) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(b)(6)(A) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(b)(6)(B)(i) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(c) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(c)(1) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(c)(2) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(f) 16 U.S.C. § 1533(f)(B)(ii) 16 U.S.C. § 1540(g) 16 U.S.C. § 1540(g)(1) 16 U.S.C. § 1540(g)(1)(A) 16 U.S.C. § 1540(g)(1)(B) 16 U.S.C. § 1540(g)(1)(C) 16 U.S.C. § 1540(g)(2) 28 U.S.C. § 2401(a) Code of Federal Regulations 50 C.F.R. § 402.01(b) 50 C.F.R. § 424.11 50 C.F.R. § 424.15 50 C.F.R. § 424.15(a) 50 C.F.R. § 424.16 50 C.F.R. § 424.17 50 C.F.R. § 424.21 Supreme Court 487 U.S. 879, 903 503 U.S. 607, 615 520 U.S. 154, 171-175 542 U.S. 55, 64 Circuit Courts 946 F.2d 710, 713 107 F.3d 712, 715 156 F.3d 1002, 1004-1005 159 F.3d 1194, 1198 164 F.3d 1261, 1270-1273 254 F.3d 833, 834-840 258 F.3d 1136, 1145 264 F.3d 1017, 1025 309 F.3d 1166, 1170-1176 340 F.3d 835 384 F.3d 721, 728 442 F.3d 1262 475 F.3d 1136 498 F.3d 993, 997 506 F.3d 895, 899 509 F.3d 1095, 1103 510 F.3d 1079, 1081 518 F.3d 1152, 1157 Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure Fed. R. App. P. 43(c)(2) Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a) Fed. R. Civ. P. 10(c) Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) 360 F. Supp. 2d 1214, 1229-1233 533 F. Supp. 2d 84, 93