Authorities Cited: United States Code 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(43) 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(43)(A) 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(43)(U) 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(A) 8 U.S.C. § 1252(a)(2)(D) 18 U.S.C. § 3509(a)(8) Supreme Court 495 U.S. 575, 600-602 544 U.S. 13, 25-26 Circuit Courts 291 F.3d 1201, 1212 311 F.3d 960, 964 414 F.3d 1038, 1040-1043 452 F.3d 251, 255-256 464 F.3d 1010, 1012-1016 467 F.3d 1219, 1222 498 F.3d 933, 935 506 F.3d 1161 Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure Fed. R. App. P. 43(c)(2)