Authorities Cited: Supreme Court 417 U.S. 21 457 U.S. 368, 384 468 U.S. 559, 566 470 U.S. 598, 607 517 U.S. 456, 465 Circuit Courts 571 F.2d 450, 454 619 F.2d 831, 836 681 F.2d 1164, 1168-1169 785 F.2d 663, 669 792 F.2d 1492, 1497 850 F.2d 1365, 1370 888 F.2d 1546 927 F.2d 10 948 F.2d 631 95 F.3d 182, 187 335 F.3d 316 360 F.3d 892 481 F.3d 492 504 F.3d 694, 697-704