Authorities Cited: Supreme Court 384 U.S. 436 438 U.S. 154 446 U.S. 291, 300-301 462 U.S. 213, 236-238 468 U.S. 420, 437-439 Circuit Courts 785 F.2d 214, 222 915 F.2d 1225, 1229 1 F.3d 718, 721 143 F.3d 408, 411 145 F.3d 972, 975 163 F.3d 499, 502 253 F.3d 1121, 1123 363 F.3d 715, 724 393 F.3d 834, 838 407 F.3d 925, 929 417 F.3d 976, 979 431 F.3d 1115, 1117 477 F.3d 554, 559-560 490 F.3d 627, 631 Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure Fed. R. App. P. 28(a)(9)(A)