Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 503 U.S. 1, 7 Circuit Courts 780 F.2d 1334, 1337 910 F.2d 526, 528 12 F.3d 754, 756 176 F.3d 1083, 1085-1086 180 F.3d 903, 911 207 F.3d 491, 493-495 217 F.3d 621, 630 262 F.3d 687, 701-702 308 F.3d 868, 872-873 414 F.3d 936, 939 437 F.3d 791, 794 449 F.3d 682, 684-685 453 F.3d 1108, 1112-1113 476 F.3d 635, 636 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(f)