Authorities Cited: United States Code 18 U.S.C. § 1621 18 U.S.C. § 1623 28 U.S.C. § 1292(a)(1) 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 354 U.S. 394, 405 360 U.S. 264, 269 385 U.S. 23, 25 403 U.S. 388 437 U.S. 478, 482 437 U.S. 482 450 U.S. 79, 84 460 U.S. 325 472 U.S. 511, 526-528 475 U.S. 335 515 U.S. 304 516 U.S. 299 523 U.S. 574, 594-596 533 U.S. 194 Circuit Courts 48 F.3d 281, 284 78 F.3d 1227, 1230-1231 103 F.3d 524 523 F.3d 119 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6)