Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 2201 29 U.S.C. § 151 29 U.S.C. § 185 29 U.S.C. § 185(a) 45 U.S.C. § 151 45 U.S.C. § 181 45 U.S.C. § 231 45 U.S.C. § 351 45 U.S.C. § 363(b) 45 U.S.C. § 701 49 U.S.C. § 20101 49 U.S.C. § 20106 49 U.S.C. § 20106(b) 49 U.S.C. § 21101 49 U.S.C. § 28301 Supreme Court 233 U.S. 671, 683 243 U.S. 332 247 U.S. 197, 199 312 U.S. 270, 273 318 U.S. 1, 3-6 387 U.S. 136, 149 430 U.S. 519, 525 455 U.S. 678 458 U.S. 141, 153 461 U.S. 190, 201 485 U.S. 495, 503 486 U.S. 399 491 U.S. 164, 175 496 U.S. 72, 79 505 U.S. 504, 516 512 U.S. 107 512 U.S. 246 Circuit Courts 784 F.2d 817, 822-824 975 F.2d 1329, 1333 990 F.2d 939, 951 999 F.2d 149, 151-154 11 F.3d 1354, 1358 14 F.3d 328, 330-331 92 F.3d 560, 562 239 F.3d 333, 348 253 F.3d 283, 285-289 254 F.3d 654, 662-668 276 F.3d 345, 352 288 F.3d 313, 318 325 F.3d 879, 882 364 F.3d 862, 867 366 F.3d 492, 495 387 F.3d 649, 658 408 F.3d 877, 883 409 F.3d 880, 887 415 F.3d 693, 696 441 F.3d 536, 538 447 F.3d 606, 615 502 F.3d 740, 748 512 F.3d 921, 935 525 F.3d 520, 524 526 F.3d 1028, 1032 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c) 516 F. Supp. 2d 917, 922-925