Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 475 U.S. 574, 586 Circuit Courts 924 F.2d 655, 659 996 F.2d 168, 171-172 42 F.3d 1139, 1146 91 F.3d 1002, 1007 100 F.3d 519, 523 142 F.3d 398, 406 238 F.3d 919, 927 248 F.3d 691, 695 256 F.3d 718, 728 275 F.3d 579, 591 281 F.3d 640, 644 361 F.3d 965, 981 371 F.3d 353, 358 407 F.3d 852, 859 414 F.3d 686, 692 421 F.3d 558, 564 434 F.3d 527, 533 445 F.3d 1000, 1009 453 F.3d 900 469 F.3d 1098, 1099 472 F.3d 930, 939 481 F.3d 543, 550 486 F.3d 1017, 1022 496 F.3d 820, 826 497 F.3d 775, 780 499 F.3d 675, 685 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)