Authorities Cited: United States Code 18 U.S.C. § 2 18 U.S.C. § 371 18 U.S.C. § 922(g) 18 U.S.C. § 922(j) 18 U.S.C. § 922(u) 18 U.S.C. § 924(2) 18 U.S.C. § 924(a)(2) 18 U.S.C. § 924(c) 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1) 18 U.S.C. § 924(i) 18 U.S.C. § 924(i)(1) 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) 28 U.S.C. § 753(b) Supreme Court 241 U.S. 73, 77 405 U.S. 150, 153-154 411 U.S. 423, 430 466 U.S. 648, 667 508 U.S. 223 508 U.S. 275, 287 516 U.S. 137 524 U.S. 125, 136 526 U.S. 275, 281-282 527 U.S. 1, 8 530 U.S. 466 543 U.S. 220 548 U.S. 212 Circuit Courts 640 F.2d 856, 858 749 F.2d 338, 346 810 F.2d 76, 79 885 F.2d 323, 324 900 F.2d 71, 72-73 904 F.2d 365, 369 931 F.2d 359, 363 982 F.2d 965, 968 20 F.3d 229, 237 27 F.3d 199, 201 28 F.3d 555, 560-561 78 F.3d 1021, 1040 83 F.3d 789, 796 102 F.3d 804, 807 118 F.3d 482, 488-489 128 F.3d 376, 394 163 F.3d 956, 962 165 F.3d 1062 167 F.3d 965, 971-977 168 F.3d 887, 892 173 F.3d 983, 986 176 F.3d 880, 886-887 184 F.3d 492, 499 201 F.3d 815, 822 214 F.3d 740, 757 222 F.3d 234, 246 236 F.3d 777, 783 259 F.3d 503, 519 274 F.3d 1079, 1084 280 F.3d 704, 712 302 F.3d 626, 635 306 F.3d 295, 319 306 F.3d 356, 368-369 307 F.3d 380, 389 309 F.3d 950, 956 323 F.3d 412, 420-421 369 F.3d 925 376 F.3d 570, 574 398 F.3d 407, 411 403 F.3d 373, 380 406 F.3d 754, 761 426 F.3d 800, 806 430 F.3d 317, 338 430 F.3d 376, 379 435 F.3d 612, 627 437 F.3d 497, 501 461 F.3d 817, 831 462 F.3d 510, 513 463 F.3d 445, 459-460 467 F.3d 951, 961-965 470 F.3d 220, 236-245 472 F.3d 89, 96-97 474 F.3d 904, 914-915 483 F.3d 703, 706-707 491 F.3d 532, 536-537 496 F.3d 517, 521 502 F.3d 521, 527 Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure Fed. R. Crim. P. 7(c)(1) Fed. R. Crim. P. 12 Fed. R. Crim. P. 12(d) Fed. R. Crim. P. 18 Fed. R. Crim. P. 29 Fed. R. Crim. P. 33 Fed. R. Crim. P. 33(a) Federal Rules of Evidence Fed. R. Evid. 611(a) Fed. R. Evid. 611(c)