Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1981 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 411 U.S. 792 450 U.S. 248 491 U.S. 58, 66 510 U.S. 17, 21-22 Circuit Courts 29 F.3d 1078, 1084 154 F.3d 344, 352 187 F.3d 553, 560-561 201 F.3d 784, 792-793 220 F.3d 456, 463 229 F.3d 559, 563 266 F.3d 401, 406 349 F.3d 269, 272-273 434 F.3d 461, 464 455 F.3d 702, 708 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)