Authorities Cited: Supreme Court 247 U.S. 7, 13 490 U.S. 296, 309 506 U.S. 9, 18 Circuit Courts 519 F.2d 352, 355 694 F.2d 1055, 1061 734 F.2d 1152, 1155 749 F.2d 300, 303 758 F.2d 146 867 F.2d 259, 261 898 F.2d 56, 58 979 F.2d 1135, 1138 48 F.3d 201, 209 79 F.3d 534, 540 128 F.3d 430, 435-436 137 F.3d 911, 914 247 F.3d 423, 436 345 F.3d 1315, 1316 444 F.3d 462, 471-472 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 34(a) Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(b) 176 F. Supp. 2d 786, 790