Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 411 U.S. 475, 493 428 U.S. 153, 173 452 U.S. 337, 346 475 U.S. 312, 320-321 475 U.S. 574, 587 477 U.S. 242, 251-252 482 U.S. 78, 89 503 U.S. 1, 7 511 U.S. 825, 834-837 512 U.S. 477 520 U.S. 641, 117-648 540 U.S. 749 543 U.S. 1006 Circuit Courts 800 F.2d 600, 605 981 F.2d 901, 905-906 109 F.3d 142, 145-146 175 F.3d 378, 394 230 F.3d 226, 230 377 F.3d 565, 567-568 390 F.3d 890, 897-898 434 F.3d 478, 483 467 F.3d 98, 105-106 481 F.3d 434, 438 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)