Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 408 U.S. 564, 573 424 U.S. 693, 699-713 429 U.S. 252, 261 429 U.S. 589, 599-600 433 U.S. 425, 465 436 U.S. 658, 694 451 U.S. 527, 535 461 U.S. 95, 101 473 U.S. 159, 165 487 U.S. 42, 48 Circuit Courts 653 F.2d 1080, 1090 726 F.2d 459, 468 774 F.2d 685, 689 882 F.2d 200 966 F.2d 1031, 1036 136 F.3d 1055, 1059-1064 156 F.3d 673, 676-685 193 F.3d 466, 481 194 F.3d 954, 958 244 F.3d 357, 365 305 F.3d 566, 575 330 F.3d 802, 810 404 F.3d 950, 958-959 419 F.3d 568, 575 420 F.3d 571, 575 443 F.3d 469, 477 470 F.3d 286, 294 496 F.3d 449, 453-456 500 F.3d 523, 527 506 F.3d 422, 427 507 F.3d 383, 388 507 F.3d 961, 964-965