Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1291 Supreme Court 392 U.S. 1, 21-22 392 U.S. 40, 60-61 400 U.S. 309 401 U.S. 560, 568 424 U.S. 319, 335 436 U.S. 499, 509 436 U.S. 658, 694 445 U.S. 622, 657 455 U.S. 745, 753 457 U.S. 800, 818 462 U.S. 696, 703 469 U.S. 221, 230-231 469 U.S. 325, 341 477 U.S. 242, 248 483 U.S. 635, 640 483 U.S. 868, 875 486 U.S. 567, 573 500 U.S. 248, 251 515 U.S. 646, 653-661 532 U.S. 67, 79 533 U.S. 194, 201 547 U.S. 103, 106 547 U.S. 398, 403 Circuit Courts 536 F.2d 1298, 1299 557 F.2d 426, 428-429 651 F.2d 245, 247 731 F.2d 281, 284 801 F.2d 893, 902-903 891 F.2d 1087, 1094-1095 985 F.2d 222, 224-225 993 F.2d 369, 372 43 F.3d 973, 977 75 F.3d 190, 199 86 F.3d 383, 390 94 F.3d 932, 936 118 F.3d 1085, 1094 189 F.3d 808, 813 193 F.3d 581, 594-605 202 F.3d 1126, 1137 210 F.3d 475, 477 211 F.3d 913, 919-925 239 F.3d 716, 720 274 F.3d 12, 22 299 F.3d 395, 401-409 306 F.3d 268, 272 327 F.3d 492, 517 328 F.3d 1230, 1238-1242 329 F.3d 1286, 1295-1299 336 F.3d 363, 369 352 F.3d 994, 1017 364 F.3d 578, 587 400 F.3d 284, 289 406 F.3d 375, 381 414 F.3d 558, 569 422 F.3d 252, 262 430 F.3d 750, 753 431 F.3d 420, 429 470 F.3d 1104, 1110 479 F.3d 350, 354 480 F.3d 358, 363 482 F.3d 829, 831-832 486 F.3d 855, 863 487 F.3d 1288, 1294 495 F.3d 185, 188 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)