Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 477 U.S. 242, 251 Circuit Courts 514 F.2d 734, 737 584 F.2d 111, 114 905 F.2d 100 986 F.2d 104, 107-108 74 F.3d 633, 650 133 F.3d 315, 319-321 150 F.3d 112, 128 243 F.3d 93, 107 294 F.3d 674, 682 513 F.3d 492, 497 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c) Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)