Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1291 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 391 U.S. 563, 568-574 457 U.S. 800, 818 461 U.S. 138, 140-153 483 U.S. 378, 383 516 U.S. 299, 307 533 U.S. 194, 200-201 Circuit Courts 875 F.2d 1061, 1062 998 F.2d 1192, 1196-1197 9 F.3d 321, 323 55 F.3d 886, 892 107 F.3d 164, 183 227 F.3d 107, 116 274 F.3d 133, 136 361 F.3d 232, 237 399 F.3d 279 463 F.3d 285, 301 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(e)