Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1291 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a) 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a)(1) 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a)(2) 28 U.S.C. § 1332(c) 28 U.S.C. § 1332(c)(1) Supreme Court 129 U.S. 677 177 U.S. 449, 454-456 235 U.S. 561, 569 288 U.S. 476 382 U.S. 145, 149-151 490 U.S. 826, 828 494 U.S. 185, 187-197 541 U.S. 567 546 U.S. 81, 84 Circuit Courts 256 F.2d 334, 338 554 F.2d 1254, 1259 883 F.2d 1553, 1561 922 F.2d 60, 69 113 F.3d 540, 543-544 181 F.3d 410, 415-416 251 F.3d 315, 322 316 F.3d 731, 733 511 F.3d 396, 399-400 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1)