Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1291 28 U.S.C. § 1331 28 U.S.C. § 1343(a)(3) 28 U.S.C. § 1367 42 U.S.C. § 1983 42 U.S.C. § 1985 Supreme Court 250 U.S. 273, 281 284 U.S. 421, 438 359 U.S. 1, 11 367 U.S. 556, 559 391 U.S. 563 408 U.S. 665, 686-691 414 U.S. 338, 345 418 U.S. 683, 708-709 425 U.S. 564, 576 461 U.S. 138, 147 472 U.S. 511, 530 483 U.S. 378, 384 483 U.S. 635 515 U.S. 304, 311-313 515 U.S. 819, 833 520 U.S. 924 533 U.S. 194, 200 547 U.S. 410, 413-444 Circuit Courts 508 F.2d 110, 115 828 F.2d 1096, 1100 869 F.2d 1565, 1578 922 F.2d 1097, 1111 984 F.2d 1359, 1367-1368 21 F.3d 29, 31-32 40 F.3d 1492, 1505 59 F.3d 446, 448-461 81 F.3d 1283, 1285-1292 105 F.3d 882, 887 113 F.3d 1313, 1320 153 F.3d 124, 130 158 F.3d 711, 717-718 160 F.3d 183, 189 219 F.3d 1197, 1204-1205 227 F.3d 107, 110 250 F.3d 188, 195-197 256 F.3d 204, 208 269 F.3d 187, 202-203 298 F.3d 271, 278 313 F.3d 144, 147 318 F.3d 497, 512-513 320 F.3d 409, 415 334 F.3d 225, 229-230 345 F.3d 581, 586 350 F.3d 399, 420 361 F.3d 232, 237-238 409 F.3d 595, 599 435 F.3d 268, 275 436 F.3d 165, 169 436 F.3d 397, 404-405 455 F.3d 225, 241-242 468 F.3d 528, 546 482 F.3d 897, 902 494 F.3d 590, 598 501 F.3d 231, 240-241 504 F.3d 405, 408-409 137 F. Supp. 2d 557 427 F. Supp. 2d 507, 514-526