Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 4 42 U.S.C. § 17 Supreme Court 486 U.S. 23 519 U.S. 337, 341 Circuit Courts 823 F.2d 702, 706 935 F.2d 1071, 1073 20 F.3d 471, 476 230 F.3d 543, 547 370 F.3d 41 463 F.3d 167, 177 465 F.3d 503, 510 471 F.3d 16 488 F.3d 136, 140 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 65