Authorities Cited: United States Code 18 U.S.C. § 2 18 U.S.C. § 25 18 U.S.C. § 1958 18 U.S.C. § 1958(a) 18 U.S.C. § 1958(b)(1) Supreme Court 437 U.S. 1, 18 488 U.S. 33 499 U.S. 279, 310 505 U.S. 317 520 U.S. 461 541 U.S. 36 Circuit Courts 513 F.2d 819, 823 858 F.2d 103, 113 937 F.2d 797, 811 987 F.2d 902, 906 989 F.2d 318, 321 6 F.3d 122, 129-130 7 F.3d 219, 222 25 F.3d 635, 648 29 F.3d 187, 197 67 F.3d 12, 15 104 F.3d 26, 31 114 F.3d 151, 154 141 F.3d 1042, 1057-1058 186 F.3d 252, 269 212 F.3d 105, 114 214 F.3d 361, 363 238 F.3d 310, 321 252 F.3d 599, 604 256 F.3d 895, 916 274 F.3d 655, 667-671 312 F.3d 58, 67 318 F.3d 845, 854 326 F.3d 45, 60 338 F.3d 2 338 F.3d 653, 656-657 361 F.3d 717, 721 382 F.3d 213, 217-219 383 F.3d 65, 79-90 393 F.3d 107, 109 402 F.3d 319, 321 414 F.3d 302, 304 449 F.3d 93, 95 491 F.3d 61, 74 314 F. Supp. 2d 967, 999