Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1331 28 U.S.C. § 1343 28 U.S.C. § 2201 Supreme Court 419 U.S. 477 450 U.S. 107 454 U.S. 464, 471 504 U.S. 555, 560-561 Circuit Courts 698 F.2d 1174, 1177 756 F.2d 1547, 1552 222 F.3d 874, 883 226 F.3d 1226, 1229 314 F.3d 541, 542 405 F.3d 964, 974 450 F.3d 1295, 1304 470 F.3d 1350, 1361-1362 471 F.3d 1199, 1204-1206 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a)(1) Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a)(2)