Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1981 Supreme Court 411 U.S. 792, 802-805 429 U.S. 252, 269-271 429 U.S. 274, 286-287 450 U.S. 248, 255 457 U.S. 800 460 U.S. 711, 714 473 U.S. 159, 165-166 483 U.S. 635, 638-640 491 U.S. 701, 731-732 510 U.S. 510, 513-515 523 U.S. 574 530 U.S. 133, 143 533 U.S. 194, 201-202 Circuit Courts 830 F.2d 1554, 1563 874 F.2d 1534, 1540-1541 881 F.2d 1570, 1573 894 F.2d 1555, 1558 907 F.2d 1077, 1081 931 F.2d 764, 772 956 F.2d 1056, 1064 15 F.3d 1023, 1025 28 F.3d 1146, 1149 45 F.3d 402, 403 88 F.3d 1554 94 F.3d 1528, 1534-1535 106 F.3d 1519, 1538 115 F.3d 1555, 1562-1565 117 F.3d 1278, 1285 126 F.3d 1372, 1378-1379 132 F.3d 635, 643 171 F.3d 1364, 1368 172 F.3d 786, 792-793 210 F.3d 1334, 1338 219 F.3d 1280, 1294-1296 222 F.3d 891, 893 229 F.3d 1012, 1024-1025 231 F.3d 821, 828 244 F.3d 1253, 1258-1261 253 F.3d 561, 565-566 296 F.3d 1265, 1272 332 F.3d 1347, 1355-1356 341 F.3d 1261, 1268-1269 376 F.3d 1079, 1085-1091 408 F.3d 763, 771 447 F.3d 1319, 1322-1323 483 F.3d 1231, 1237 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)