Authorities Cited: Supreme Court 402 U.S. 313, 350 509 U.S. 579 Circuit Courts 649 F.2d 342, 344 656 F.2d 103, 107 661 F.2d 1206, 1209 717 F.2d 530, 532 842 F.2d 260, 263-264 881 F.2d 1006, 1009 885 F.2d 795, 797-798 318 F.3d 1066, 1077 365 F.3d 967, 974-977 387 F.3d 1244, 1259 420 F.3d 1310, 1316 421 F.3d 1169, 1177 449 F.3d 1360, 1364 467 F.3d 1311, 1321 479 F.3d 779, 783 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(c) Fed. R. Civ. P. 50(a) Fed. R. Civ. P. 50(b) Fed. R. Civ. P. 59(a) Federal Rules of Evidence Fed. R. Evid. 103(a) Fed. R. Evid. 103(a)(2)