Authorities Cited: United States Code 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A)(ii) 18 U.S.C. § 1951(a) Supreme Court 467 U.S. 493, 500-502 507 U.S. 725, 113-733 Circuit Courts 394 F.2d 287, 289 661 F.2d 1206, 1209 742 F.2d 1335, 1365 7 F.3d 404, 409 60 F.3d 1257, 1261 97 F.3d 835, 842 228 F.3d 1017, 1028-1029 300 F.3d 1313, 1317 321 F.3d 1084, 1087 398 F.3d 1291, 1298 445 F.3d 1302, 1306 451 F.3d 1244, 1251-1252 Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure Fed. R. Crim. P. 52(b)