Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 532 U.S. 318, 354 533 U.S. 194, 201 Circuit Courts 953 F.2d 1036, 1040 965 F.2d 1559, 1563 71 F.3d 837, 842 207 F.3d 1253, 1257 267 F.3d 1183, 1186 369 F.3d 1189, 1192 369 F.3d 1270, 1273 382 F.3d 1220, 1234 394 F.3d 891, 902-903 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 50 Fed. R. Civ. P. 50(a) Fed. R. Civ. P. 50(a)(1) Fed. R. Civ. P. 50(b)