Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1332 Supreme Court 485 U.S. 112, 120 487 U.S. 500, 513-514 492 U.S. 257, 301 499 U.S. 1, 21-23 509 U.S. 443, 458-462 512 U.S. 415, 420 517 U.S. 559, 568-583 528 U.S. 931 532 U.S. 424, 436 538 U.S. 408, 419-426 Circuit Courts 434 F.2d 73, 77 661 F.2d 1206, 1209 827 F.2d 1493, 1498 130 F.3d 168, 173-174 170 F.3d 1320, 1334-1339 188 F.3d 1294, 1299 256 F.3d 1241, 1247-1249 262 F.3d 70, 81 301 F.3d 339, 352-353 332 F.3d 1347, 1362 385 F.3d 1324, 1331-1335 393 F.3d 1354, 1364 399 F.3d 224, 234-237 422 F.3d 949, 962 427 F.3d 939, 945 472 F.3d 600, 624-625 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 51(c) 888 F. Supp. 1567, 1570-1571