Authorities Cited: United States Code 18 U.S.C. § 401(3) 18 U.S.C. § 402 Supreme Court 221 U.S. 418, 444-446 274 U.S. 357, 377 337 U.S. 541, 546 343 U.S. 1, 12 427 U.S. 539, 565 435 U.S. 589, 598 435 U.S. 829, 839 467 U.S. 20, 34 470 U.S. 373, 379 478 U.S. 1, 15 Circuit Courts 571 F.2d 1323, 1326 732 F.2d 1302, 1309 770 F.2d 1550, 1553-1557 799 F.2d 1438, 1441 812 F.2d 1552, 1563-1568 820 F.2d 352, 356 918 F.2d 564, 567 932 F.2d 906, 908 933 F.2d 918, 920 960 F.2d 1013, 1027 998 F.2d 157, 164 71 F.3d 1044, 1050-1051 99 F.3d 363, 370-372 237 F.3d 1279, 1282 263 F.3d 1304 420 F.3d 301, 305-306 448 F.3d 1229, 21-1242 Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure Fed. R. Crim. P. 42