Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 365 U.S. 505, 511 427 U.S. 38, 96 436 U.S. 499, 498-509 437 U.S. 385, 393 445 U.S. 573, 586 475 U.S. 335, 341 483 U.S. 635, 640 490 U.S. 386, 396 495 U.S. 91, 95 497 U.S. 177, 181 533 U.S. 194, 201-202 536 U.S. 635, 637-638 536 U.S. 730, 739-741 Circuit Courts 572 F.2d 412, 423 791 F.2d 1512, 1515 810 F.2d 1055, 1059 920 F.2d 1423, 1426 939 F.2d 1479, 1487 65 F.3d 155, 158-159 71 F.3d 819, 830 132 F.3d 1395 206 F.3d 1156, 1171 268 F.3d 1014, 1031-1033 284 F.3d 1188, 1190-1194 289 F.3d 744, 752 290 F.3d 1331, 1334 311 F.3d 1340, 1350-1351 321 F.3d 1069, 1078-1079 341 F.3d 1261, 1270 351 F.3d 1080, 1084 438 F.3d 980, 996