Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 403 U.S. 388 408 U.S. 564, 569 424 U.S. 693, 701-712 431 U.S. 816, 845-860 490 U.S. 454, 460-462 500 U.S. 226, 233-234 533 U.S. 194, 201 536 U.S. 730, 736 Circuit Courts 557 F.2d 435, 437 563 F.2d 1200, 1206 577 F.2d 338, 342-343 661 F.2d 1206, 1209 889 F.2d 124, 131-133 904 F.2d 572, 581 993 F.2d 369, 373 994 F.2d 325, 329 18 F.3d 992, 1000 20 F.3d 1258, 1262 20 F.3d 1550, 1556 57 F.3d 789, 794-795 144 F.3d 1435, 1436-1438 214 F.3d 328, 336 216 F.3d 1328, 1330 250 F.3d 1299, 1302-1303 322 F.3d 1290, 1291-1297 345 F.3d 1225, 1232 358 F.3d 804, 810-812 388 F.3d 834, 460-836 397 F.3d 493, 513