Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1981 42 U.S.C. § 1983 42 U.S.C. § 1985 42 U.S.C. § 1986 42 U.S.C. § 1988 42 U.S.C. § 1988(a) Supreme Court 262 U.S. 390, 396 268 U.S. 510, 534 321 U.S. 158, 166 405 U.S. 645, 658 406 U.S. 205, 232 411 U.S. 693, 702 452 U.S. 18, 27 455 U.S. 745 468 U.S. 609, 104-618 471 U.S. 261, 269 474 U.S. 327, 328 510 U.S. 266, 271 521 U.S. 702, 720 530 U.S. 57, 65 541 U.S. 369, 377 Circuit Courts 293 F.2d 401 661 F.2d 1206, 1209 767 F.2d 651 768 F.2d 1186, 1188-1190 791 F.2d 744 807 F.2d 6, 8-10 818 F.2d 1411, 1419 952 F.2d 321, 325 85 F.3d 581, 583 159 F.3d 365, 371 199 F.3d 1037 235 F.3d 637, 656 331 F.3d 844 352 F.3d 820, 822-830 388 F.3d 834, 836