Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 293 U.S. 237, 244 408 U.S. 593, 602 410 U.S. 614, 617 422 U.S. 490, 498-518 433 U.S. 25, 29-33 468 U.S. 737, 752 493 U.S. 215, 230-231 495 U.S. 149, 155 504 U.S. 555, 560-561 515 U.S. 737, 742 521 U.S. 811, 818 523 U.S. 83, 102 529 U.S. 765, 771-772 Circuit Courts 400 F.2d 465, 471-472 453 F.2d 1366 596 F.2d 123, 124 613 F.2d 507, 511 661 F.2d 1206, 1209 678 F.2d 992, 1000-1001 770 F.2d 1575, 1582 785 F.2d 1550 901 F.2d 979, 983 916 F.2d 637, 640 919 F.2d 1525, 1529 921 F.2d 1190, 1204-1210 922 F.2d 756, 759 992 F.2d 1178, 1182 30 F.3d 1365, 1367 43 F.3d 1412, 1422 122 F.3d 895, 903 168 F.3d 405, 409-410 169 F.3d 677, 680 194 F.3d 1227, 1230 222 F.3d 874, 877-883 225 F.3d 1271, 1275 226 F.3d 1226, 1229-1230 256 F.3d 1077, 1081 324 F.3d 1229, 1236-1242 344 F.3d 1263, 1275 366 F.3d 1214, 1223 386 F.3d 1070, 1083 Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure Fed. R. App. P. 10 Fed. R. App. P. 10(a) Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c) 316 F. Supp. 490, 495