Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 18 28 U.S.C. § 1292(a)(1) 28 U.S.C. § 1738 Supreme Court 448 U.S. 261, 270 522 U.S. 222, 233 531 U.S. 497, 506-509 Circuit Courts 683 F.2d 1312, 1319 741 F.2d 355, 360-361 25 F.3d 1092, 1103 97 F.3d 492, 496 252 F.3d 1300, 1305 291 F.3d 1282, 1285 304 F.3d 1125, 1131 307 F.3d 1277, 1291 312 F.3d 1236, 1238-1239 331 F.3d 1177, 1183 342 F.3d 1264 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(c) Fed. R. Civ. P. 54(b)