Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 274 U.S. 357, 375 283 U.S. 359, 369 314 U.S. 252, 271 370 U.S. 375, 390-392 376 U.S. 254, 270-280 379 U.S. 64, 74-75 384 U.S. 214, 219 384 U.S. 333, 350 395 U.S. 444, 489 408 U.S. 665, 526-788 416 U.S. 396, 427 420 U.S. 469, 491-496 427 U.S. 539, 556-558 435 U.S. 829, 837-845 436 U.S. 658, 690 443 U.S. 31, 38 443 U.S. 97, 103-104 467 U.S. 20, 34-37 475 U.S. 41, 47 475 U.S. 469, 480-483 483 U.S. 635, 640 485 U.S. 312 490 U.S. 401 491 U.S. 58, 70 491 U.S. 524, 537 491 U.S. 701, 737 491 U.S. 781, 791 494 U.S. 624, 629-634 502 U.S. 105, 116 509 U.S. 544, 553-554 510 U.S. 1315, 1317 512 U.S. 622, 643 520 U.S. 397, 405-409 520 U.S. 781, 785 529 U.S. 803, 813 532 U.S. 514, 525-526 533 U.S. 194, 201-206 536 U.S. 150, 165-166 536 U.S. 730, 741 540 U.S. 947 Circuit Courts 716 F.2d 847, 850 784 F.2d 467, 478 805 F.2d 962, 965 871 F.2d 1030, 1032 907 F.2d 440, 444 928 F.2d 788, 791 971 F.2d 708, 713-715 33 F.3d 1200, 1209 44 F.3d 106, 109 74 F.3d 1150, 1152 96 F.3d 478, 484 117 F.3d 488, 489 212 F.3d 1231, 1236-1237 329 F.3d 1286, 1293 353 F.3d 1319, 1321 354 F.3d 1307, 1309-1314 365 F.3d 1247, 1251