Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1367(c) 28 U.S.C. § 1441 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 436 U.S. 658, 698 473 U.S. 159, 165-166 489 U.S. 378, 385 520 U.S. 781, 785 522 U.S. 136, 138-146 526 U.S. 137, 152-153 Circuit Courts 269 F.2d 841, 843 555 F.2d 1198, 1203 661 F.2d 1206, 1209 765 F.2d 983, 995 774 F.2d 1567, 1574 813 F.2d 1191, 1194 867 F.2d 1271, 1274-1275 881 F.2d 1041, 1045 888 F.2d 732, 745 908 F.2d 1561, 1563-1564 954 F.2d 1540, 1545 959 F.2d 1535, 1538 10 F.3d 1535, 1539-1540 24 F.3d 159, 168 30 F.3d 1390, 1396-1398 36 F.3d 154, 166 53 F.3d 1548, 1555 105 F.3d 1344, 1352 106 F.3d 1519, 1526 126 F.3d 506, 519 140 F.3d 915, 921 147 F.3d 577, 581 158 F.3d 548, 562-565 182 F.3d 1248, 1255 184 F.3d 1300, 1306 195 F.3d 1238, 1244 235 F.3d 1307, 1312-1313 244 F.3d 684, 689 253 F.3d 641, 662-664 260 F.3d 1260, 1265-1267 262 F.3d 1217, 1234 279 F.3d 1271, 1288 293 F.3d 1254, 1258 298 F.3d 1253, 1257 303 F.3d 1284, 1289-1290 334 F.3d 980, 985-987 341 F.3d 1273, 1280 375 F.3d 1252, 1260 387 F.3d 1244, 1258-1266 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 50(a) 264 F. Supp. 2d 1062, 1064 Federal Rules of Evidence Fed. R. Evid. 103(a) Fed. R. Evid. 401 Fed. R. Evid. 403 Fed. R. Evid. 404(b) Fed. R. Evid. 702 Fed. R. Evid. 704(a)