Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 304 U.S. 64 429 U.S. 97, 106 436 U.S. 658 445 U.S. 622 453 U.S. 247 463 U.S. 239, 244 475 U.S. 469, 479 477 U.S. 317, 322-323 489 U.S. 378, 385-388 509 U.S. 579, 113-596 516 U.S. 869 520 U.S. 397 520 U.S. 403 520 U.S. 412 522 U.S. 136 522 U.S. 1075 526 U.S. 137, 149-152 Circuit Courts 212 F.2d 170, 173 497 F.2d 529, 535 512 F.2d 276, 292 661 F.2d 1206, 1209 753 F.2d 991, 994 774 F.2d 1567, 1574 778 F.2d 678 787 F.2d 1496 981 F.2d 237, 245 30 F.3d 1332, 1345 30 F.3d 1390, 1396 41 F.3d 625 43 F.3d 1311, 1315-1316 93 F.3d 739, 742 95 F.3d 1543, 1545-1546 112 F.3d 1522, 1525-1526 117 F.3d 488, 489 184 F.3d 1300, 1306-130610 192 F.3d 750, 759 197 F.3d 1098 214 F.3d 1279, 1282 233 F.3d 1367, 1375-1377 233 F.3d 1374 253 F.3d 1257, 1265 286 F.3d 286 345 F.3d 15, 24 351 F.3d 1080, 1084 373 F.3d 1151, 1154 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 54(b) 11 F. Supp. 2d 1217, 1226 330 F. Supp. 2d 1358, 1361-1363