Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 392 U.S. 1, 19 438 U.S. 478, 506 441 U.S. 520, 559-599 457 U.S. 800, 818 472 U.S. 511 483 U.S. 635, 640 490 U.S. 1, 7 490 U.S. 386, 396 533 U.S. 194, 202 536 U.S. 730 Circuit Courts 476 F.2d 292, 295 713 F.2d 143, 146 867 F.2d 1271, 1274 927 F.2d 3, 7 945 F.2d 441, 447 961 F.2d 188 961 F.2d 1374, 1378-1379 7 F.3d 1552 19 F.3d 1340 32 F.3d 1024, 1039-1042 38 F.3d 188, 191-192 45 F.3d 1040, 1046 70 F.3d 21, 24 111 F.3d 694, 700 115 F.3d 821, 825 117 F.3d 1065, 1067 127 F.3d 1416 182 F.3d 1248, 1254 208 F.3d 919 215 F.3d 1225 231 F.3d 1289, 1293-1294 236 F.3d 678, 681-684 237 F.3d 356, 359-362 239 F.3d 107, 113 247 F.3d 160, 168 247 F.3d 1294, 1300-1301 251 F.3d 1340, 1342-1346 268 F.3d 1014, 1031-1032 280 F.3d 1295, 1304 280 F.3d 1308, 1321 280 F.3d 1341, 741-1350 284 F.3d 1188 311 F.3d 1340, 1351 321 F.3d 1299, 1302-1303 334 F.3d 991 594 F. Supp. 1147, 1155