Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 188 U.S. 505, 509 268 U.S. 276, 283 321 U.S. 233, 241 337 U.S. 901, 969 339 U.S. 306, 308-370 371 U.S. 208, 283 401 U.S. 371, 376-377 407 U.S. 67, 80-92 408 U.S. 471, 481 424 U.S. 319, 335-396 429 U.S. 624, 627-628 436 U.S. 1, 13-98 443 U.S. 55, 99 454 U.S. 516, 523-537 456 U.S. 444, 450-451 457 U.S. 800 462 U.S. 791, 103-799 471 U.S. 84, 108 472 U.S. 115, 105-130 483 U.S. 635, 107-646 485 U.S. 478, 108-488 494 U.S. 113, 127 510 U.S. 43, 53-54 510 U.S. 510, 516 520 U.S. 259, 269-271 520 U.S. 924, 931-932 525 U.S. 234, 119-242 526 U.S. 40 526 U.S. 603, 617 533 U.S. 194 534 U.S. 161, 122-176 536 U.S. 730 Circuit Courts 175 F.2d 808, 818 620 F.2d 1201, 1214-1215 634 F.2d 50, 62 643 F.2d 1261, 1280-1281 745 F.2d 937, 945-946 751 F.2d 180, 185 757 F.2d 1344, 1352 774 F.2d 543, 549 784 F.2d 1191, 1196 786 F.2d 1526, 1530 859 F.2d 14, 16 876 F.2d 1455, 1459-1460 888 F.2d 985, 992 897 F.2d 1499, 1508 911 F.2d 870, 875 914 F.2d 1197, 1203 944 F.2d 691, 699 956 F.2d 730, 737-738 956 F.2d 1300, 1307 971 F.2d 896, 902 982 F.2d 556, 569 11 F.3d 1340, 1350-1352 12 F.3d 973, 978 17 F.3d 162 20 F.3d 1550 24 F.3d 175, 177 40 F.3d 1176, 1185 84 F.3d 117, 122 102 F.3d 1472 139 F.3d 158, 173 208 F.3d 919, 129-926 253 F.3d 588, 596 268 F.3d 1014, 1031-1032 296 F.3d 1184, 1198 304 F.3d 563, 576 311 F.3d 1340, 1351