Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 304 U.S. 144, 154 357 U.S. 116, 125-127 391 U.S. 367, 377 411 U.S. 1, 28 415 U.S. 361, 364 427 U.S. 307, 312 440 U.S. 93, 97 468 U.S. 609, 617 473 U.S. 432, 440 477 U.S. 242, 251 490 U.S. 19, 25 528 U.S. 62, 83 529 U.S. 277, 289 532 U.S. 978 Circuit Courts 562 F.2d 343, 346 661 F.2d 1206, 1209 825 F.2d 367, 370 842 F.2d 253, 256 843 F.2d 456, 463 855 F.2d 820, 823 12 F.3d 1558, 1562 59 F.3d 1208, 1214 117 F.3d 1278, 1284 142 F.3d 1283 157 F.3d 819 217 F.3d 1360, 1363 223 F.3d 1306, 1308 232 F.3d 1353, 1357 240 F.3d 944, 955 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c) 929 F. Supp. 1482, 1488 996 F. Supp. 1230, 1239