Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1982 42 U.S.C. § 1983 42 U.S.C. § 3601 42 U.S.C. § 3604 42 U.S.C. § 9601(23) 42 U.S.C. § 9601(24) 42 U.S.C. § 9604 42 U.S.C. § 9604(a)(1) 42 U.S.C. § 9605 42 U.S.C. § 9606(a) 42 U.S.C. § 9607(a) 42 U.S.C. § 9613(h) 42 U.S.C. § 9613(h)(1) 42 U.S.C. § 9622 Supreme Court 367 U.S. 740, 749-750 440 U.S. 490, 500-501 485 U.S. 568, 575 486 U.S. 592, 603 491 U.S. 440, 466 520 U.S. 1, 117 524 U.S. 51, 55 Circuit Courts 834 F.2d 974 871 F.2d 1548 927 F.2d 289, 292-294 47 F.3d 325 62 F.3d 1240, 1243 66 F.3d 236, 239 104 F.3d 328, 333 116 F.3d 1018, 1025 120 F.3d 1181, 1186-1188 147 F.3d 1316, 1318 153 F.3d 667, 675 184 F.3d 1300, 1317 208 F.3d 1308, 1310 216 F.3d 970, 972 245 F.3d 1217, 1223 270 F.3d 1129, 1133-1134 273 F.3d 1315, 1317 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) 81 F. Supp. 2d 1348 681 F. Supp. 1244, 1252 956 F. Supp. 665, 674-675