Authorities Cited: United States Code 18 U.S.C. § 2320 Supreme Court 389 U.S. 347, 361 412 U.S. 291, 294-295 496 U.S. 128 Circuit Courts 492 F.2d 480 537 F.2d 8 541 F.2d 545, 550-552 567 F.2d 814, 816 661 F.2d 1206, 1209 872 F.2d 12, 14-15 909 F.2d 442, 444-446 942 F.2d 1170, 1171-1172 3 F.3d 1239, 1241-1242 12 F.3d 1019, 1023 203 F.3d 1279, 1284 Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure Fed. R. Crim. P. 11(a)(2)