Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 281 U.S. 397 299 U.S. 178 338 U.S. 632, 670 348 U.S. 66, 75 357 U.S. 235, 253 389 U.S. 429, 488 449 U.S. 302, 310-311 504 U.S. 298, 306 Circuit Courts 649 F.2d 578, 583 684 F.2d 1365, 1368-1369 839 F.2d 23 2 F.3d 1112, 302-1117 2 F.3d 1514, 1527 178 F.3d 1175, 1187 181 F.3d 1220, 1225 191 F.3d 429 216 F.3d 128, 129 221 F.3d 1211 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c) 123 F. Supp. 2d 1298