Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1981 42 U.S.C. § 1983 42 U.S.C. § 1985 42 U.S.C. § 1986 Supreme Court 411 U.S. 792, 793 450 U.S. 248 463 U.S. 825, 828-829 477 U.S. 242, 248 477 U.S. 317, 323 487 U.S. 977, 991-999 530 U.S. 133, 148 Circuit Courts 562 F.2d 1015 652 F.2d 1012, 1017 680 F.2d 1318, 1322 684 F.2d 1365, 1368-1369 710 F.2d 1528, 1536 767 F.2d 340, 343 821 F.2d 590, 595 847 F.2d 1480, 1483 870 F.2d 578, 580-581 874 F.2d 1534, 1537 889 F.2d 592, 597 907 F.2d 1077, 1082 939 F.2d 1466, 1470 941 F.2d 1428, 1437 954 F.2d 624, 627 24 F.3d 1330, 1334 26 F.3d 1545 32 F.3d 520, 525 92 F.3d 1130, 1135 99 F.3d 1078, 1083 106 F.3d 1519, 1528-1543 115 F.3d 1555, 1564-1565 120 F.3d 1157 161 F.3d 1318, 1330 164 F.3d 277, 280 178 F.3d 1175, 1186-1187 200 F.3d 761, 768 206 F.3d 1031, 1036-1039 207 F.3d 1303, 1339-1340 211 F.3d 129 220 F.3d 1263, 1286 226 F.3d 1249, 1253-1254 229 F.3d 1012, 1026-1034 242 F.3d 996 68 F. Supp. 2d 1360 68 F. Supp. 2d 1369 421 F. Supp. 12, 15