Authorities Cited: United States Code 46 U.S.C. § 1300 46 U.S.C. § 1304(5) Supreme Court 432 U.S. 249, 270 472 U.S. 38, 105 Circuit Courts 407 F.2d 152, 155 451 F.2d 800, 815 636 F.2d 807, 816-823 646 F.2d 169, 170-173 685 F.2d 1272 705 F.2d 1526, 1532 755 F.2d 1403, 1404 759 F.2d 1006, 1012-1014 765 F.2d 1076, 1080-1082 863 F.2d 1537, 1542 900 F.2d 714, 722 929 F.2d 89, 94 952 F.2d 636, 642 956 F.2d 1166 993 F.2d 790, 792 26 F.3d 895, 900 82 F.3d 1005, 1006 120 F.3d 1140, 1143 201 F.3d 1111, 1113-1114 313 F. Supp. 1334, 1339 414 F. Supp. 894, 907 509 F. Supp. 289, 293 575 F. Supp. 239, 243