Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 429 U.S. 97, 104-106 441 U.S. 520, 535 452 U.S. 337, 347 501 U.S. 294, 298 511 U.S. 825, 834-845 515 U.S. 304, 319 526 U.S. 286 526 U.S. 603 Circuit Courts 769 F.2d 700, 704 774 F.2d 1567, 1573-1574 963 F.2d 338, 341 30 F.3d 1390, 1396 40 F.3d 1176, 1187 74 F.3d 1087, 1091 116 F.3d 1419, 1420-1425 145 F.3d 1231, 1236-1240 168 F.3d 405, 410 169 F.3d 1353, 1361-1362 177 F.3d 1245, 1248 212 F.3d 1318, 1321 900 F. Supp. 1567, 1571-1573