Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 548 U.S. 81, 90 Circuit Courts 304 F.3d 1030, 1032 461 F.3d 1242 461 F.3d 1269, 1290 497 F.3d 1151, 1153 Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2)