Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1291 28 U.S.C. § 1332 28 U.S.C. § 1738 28 U.S.C. § 2201 28 U.S.C. § 2201(a) 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 448 U.S. 371, 432 449 U.S. 24, 27-29 473 U.S. 172 487 U.S. 42, 48 502 U.S. 244, 245-248 509 U.S. 43, 57 520 U.S. 725, 733-734 528 U.S. 1003 528 U.S. 1046 530 U.S. 392, 412 538 U.S. 803, 808 540 U.S. 811 545 U.S. 323, 327-349 Circuit Courts 850 F.2d 641, 645 874 F.2d 717, 723 878 F.2d 1271, 1274 945 F.2d 348, 352 958 F.2d 306, 309-310 972 F.2d 309, 310-311 973 F.2d 21 89 F.3d 704, 705-709 93 F.3d 676, 678 115 F.3d 749, 752 126 F.3d 1272, 1276 142 F.3d 1319, 1320-1325 175 F.3d 1217, 1219 183 F.3d 1231, 1233-1234 187 F.3d 1241, 1250 195 F.3d 1190, 1195-1196 310 F.3d 1258, 1260-1268 315 F.3d 1245, 1263 391 F.3d 1140, 1144-1146 427 F.3d 821, 827 429 F.3d 977, 981 439 F.3d 636, 641-642 440 F.3d 1202, 1208 456 F.3d 54, 58 456 F.3d 1159, 1176 462 F.3d 1234, 1238 465 F.3d 444, 448 497 F.3d 1096, 1100 501 F.3d 1153, 1154 506 F.3d 1021, 1025-1026 Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure Fed. R. App. P. 3 Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(1)(A) Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(4) Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 3(c) Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) Fed. R. Civ. P. 59(e)