Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1291 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(1) 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2) 28 U.S.C. § 2255 Supreme Court 297 U.S. 288, 347 371 U.S. 178, 182 404 U.S. 519, 520-521 537 U.S. 322, 335-336 543 U.S. 993 Circuit Courts 31 F.3d 1023, 1027 34 F.3d 1557, 1560 73 F.3d 1064 157 F.3d 785 185 F.3d 1084, 1089 360 F.3d 1191 365 F.3d 1174, 1176-1180 418 F.3d 1116, 1119-1120 470 F.3d 954 483 F.3d 676, 681 487 F.3d 808, 815 Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure Fed. R. App. P. 34(a) Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a) Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(a)