Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 407 U.S. 67 426 U.S. 229, 239-242 429 U.S. 252, 264-265 457 U.S. 991, 1004-1005 472 U.S. 511, 524-527 473 U.S. 432, 439 477 U.S. 242, 247-248 489 U.S. 189, 195-196 506 U.S. 56, 57-61 515 U.S. 304, 319-320 517 U.S. 620, 631-633 533 U.S. 194, 201 543 U.S. 499, 505 545 U.S. 748, 768 Circuit Courts 776 F.2d 272, 274 822 F.2d 97, 101-104 857 F.2d 690, 694-697 871 F.2d 1068, 1076 4 F.3d 848, 853 52 F.3d 851, 854 80 F.3d 915, 928 92 F.3d 446, 458 124 F.3d 1126, 1132 143 F.3d 1299, 1312 164 F.3d 141, 149 189 F.3d 297, 302 279 F.3d 1204, 1210-1213 321 F.3d 950, 959 328 F.3d 1230, 1251 358 F.3d 804, 818 383 F.3d 1199, 1213 385 F.3d 503, 532 394 F.3d 813 406 F.3d 1224, 1231-1232 430 F.3d 805, 806 438 F.3d 1036, 1042 451 F.3d 643, 659 455 F.3d 859, 866 455 F.3d 1146, 1150-1151 464 F.3d 1182, 1188-1213 469 F.3d 957, 960 470 F.3d 250, 261 478 F.3d 1108, 1114-1120 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)